I was visiting with dear friends last evening and one of them reminded me that it is important to distinguish between the victim of a hurtful action (intentional or otherwise) and the person or event which causes the injury. For example, currently a hurricane has visited Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and is moving towards Florida where it may or may not do significant damage. In this care it is clear the perpetrator is the hurricane and the victims are those whose person, possessions or community Is damaged by the hurricane. It is obvious that no one caused the behavior although there may be some human actions which affects aspects of the weather or the extent of the damage. In this example the perpetrator will not be locked up or made to suffer other punishment . Although the hurricane is, in some senses, a living phenomenon, it is not a being capable of malevolent intent. It is doing what the various forces determined it would do. On the other hand, if a person steals from another although at level I there is a victim and a perpetrator, at another level we have to examine why the person did something which ultimately is not in his or her best interest. Treating anyone as less then ultimately hurts the entire community. Stealing might temporarily alleviate the financial distress of the person who stole, but in the long run he or she has contributed to an atmosphere of distrust and, thus, violated the community contract. All suffer. On level I we clearly have a victim and a perpetrator of a wrongful act. On level 2 we need to examine why the person stole. The possibilities are:
- Through no fault of his or her own they lost their job and have not been able to find assistance to help feed their children.
- Through no fault of their own the person has a brain tumor or other medical condition which blocks the ability to consider the rights and needs of others.
- Though no fault of their own the person has an addictive disorder which affects their ability to consider the needs and rights of others.
- Through no fault of their own the person has some other mental illness which blocks the ability to consider the rights and needs of others.
- Through no fault of their own the person was raised by parents who themselves were unable to teach moral or rational behavior.
- The person lacks the mental capacity to consider the effects of his/her behavior.
Obviously there a number of reasons why a person is unable to consider the rights and needs of others. The person can be a victim of any of those conditions or circumstances. Often the perpetrator needs assistance in changing how their brain functions. Perhaps, however, there is no treatment available or there is no way to determine why his or her brain is unable to consider the needs of others. That person may need to be placed in a secure setting - not as a punishment and, thus, not jail – so that they are not able to harm themselves or others. Perhaps in the future a treatment will be found.
At level I the goal is clearly to stop the harmful behavior. If someone is physically abusing another one must realize that one person is at that level the abused victim and the other person is the abuser. The abuser must be restrained. Once that is accomplished it is time to move to level II and attempt to discern what it will take to prevent the abuser from future abusive behavior; Merely labeling him or her the abuser or the perpetrator is not helpful in stopping or attempting to stop future abuse. We know that punishment does not change how the brain functions; in fact it may ensue it functions worse. Merely labeling this person as a victim is of no help. We need to, if possible, identify, the reason he or he is unable to consider the needs of others.
It is important to identify the victim as a victim to ensure the person does not blame themselves for being abused and, thus can heal. The perpetrator must be identified as such so that they can, when appropriate, be held accountable (not shamed), be taught the steps for reconnecting with the larger community and how to choose different behavior in the future. The ultimate goal is to heal the one who is hurt and to restore the perpetrator as a connected member of the community. It is not helpful to merely use the labels victim and perpetrator.
Written August 31, 2019
Jimmy F Pickett
coachpickdett.org